Early Rescue Therapy for Respiratory Distress Syndrome with a Single Surfactant Dose in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Background: The neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is principally caused by a qualitative and quantitative surfactant deficiency at birth. Subjects and Methods: 576 individuals were admitted to the NICU, according to the findings. Respiratory distress syndrome emerged in 87 (15.1%) of the patients. Surfactant therapy was administered to 38 (43.7 percent) of the 87 patients. Males outnumbered females by a ratio of 3.2:1. Result: The average age of surfactant administration was 1.50.6 hours, and the average Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes was 4.72.4 and 7.11.3, respectively. Only 18.4 percent of moms received an antenatal steroid. In 32 weeks cases, the mean gestational age (weeks) and birth weight (gms) were 30.4 weeks and 1272 gm, respectively, but in 32 weeks cases, the mean gestational age (weeks) and birth weight (gms) were 34.6 weeks and 2041gm, respectively (Table 1). In all 38 cases, surfactant was provided as a single-dose rescue therapy. Overall mortality was 42.1 percent, and gestational age was inversely associated to mortality. The survivor group had a considerably lower Fio2 demand after 24 hours. In the survivor group, the mean duration of ventilation was 106.227.8.4 minutes, and 23.7 percent of the mothers took prenatal steroid. The most common consequence that resulted in death was sepsis. Conclusion: Surfactant administration was associated with decreased ventilatory requirements, improved respiratory status, and early extubation.