A Prospective Study to Assess the Bone Marrow Aspiration for Findings of Patients with Hematological Disorders

Study to Assess the Bone Marrow Aspiration

Abstract

Background: Examination of bone  marrow   is  beneficial procedure for  the  diagnosis  of hematological and non-hematological diseases. Bone   marrow   aspiration singly   is   usually sufficive  for the  diagnosis of  nutritional  anemia,  majority  of  the acute    leukemia    and    Immune    thrombocytic disorders. The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the bone marrow aspiration findings amongst subjects with hematological disorders. Subjects and Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in the department of pathology, Government Medical College, Dungarpur, Rajasthan (India) during a period of 2 years. Amongst all the subjects, peripheral  smears,  reticulocyte  counts, sickling  test  and  hemogram  were  obtained. Special stains Periodic acid Schiff staining was done for all subjects with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and  Gaucher’s  disorder.  Block positivity  was shown  amongst  ALL  cases.  In subjects with Gaucher’s  disorder,  Gaucher  cells showed   wrinkled   tissue   paper   appearance   using   PAS staining. All the data thus obtained was arranged in a tabulated form and analyzed using SPSS software. Percentage of all the data was obtained. Results: The present study bone marrow aspiration was performed amongst 110 subjects and bone marrow biopsy was performed amongst 54 subjects. There were 48.2% cases of anemia, 14.5% (n=16) cases of acute leukemia. In 10.9% of cases myeloproliferative disorders were observed and 1.8% cases had myelodysplastic syndrome. There were 20.4% cases of hyoplastic anemia. There were 11.1% subjects that showed normal results. NHL deposits and myelofibrosis was seen in 5.6% cases each. ALL was diagnosed in 1 case. Conclusion: Aspiration of bone marrow is important for diagnosing, determining the prognosis and therapeutic response of different types of hematological and non hematological conditions.