Asian Journal of Medical Research

A Clinical Study and Psychological Impact of Lower Motor Neuron Type of Facial Nerve Palsy

Riya Aggarwal — 2023-05-23

Ocular Manifestation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Shivangi Kapoor — 2023-05-23

Background: HIV is a dreaded virus that significantly deteriorates the quality of life of affected individuals. The main source of HIV infection in India is involved in high-risk behaviours. Early recognition of ocular manifestations of HIV/AIDS is essential since these ocular manifestations may be the primary or only presentation. This has implications for the prognosis of the disease. Aim and objective: To document various ocular manifestations in HIV/AIDS cases. Subjects and Methods: objective: To document various ocular manifestations in HIV/AIDS cases. Material and methods: This was a hospital-based observational study done at a tertiary eye care centre in north India, over 5 years period (January 2017 to January 2022). Overall, 92 patients were enrolled for the study. Results: Out of 92 HIV patients, 69 (75%) were males and 23 (25%) were females. Maximum eyes had visual acuity ranging from 6/6-6/12. 74 patients (59 males and 15 females) had heterosexual exposure, and 11 patients (6 males, 4 females and 1 child) had blood transfusion as a risk factor. Out of 92 HIV patients 35 patients (38%) had ocular involvement. Maximum patients 13 (37%) with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis followed by 7 (20%) were of HIV retinopathy. The associated systemic disorders included 48 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion: Ophthalmologists need to be highly aware of various ocular and systemic spectrums of HIV. Increased emphasis on early diagnosis, treatment and regular ophthalmic examination in all HIV/AIDS patients is the rule.

Clinical Profile and Proportion of Children with Glaucoma and Glaucoma Suspect at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Uttar Pradesh

Rizwan Ahmad Siddiqui — 2023-05-23

Background: A rare paediatric condition called paediatric glaucoma often results in severe vision loss. It consists of a variety of disorders that can be divided into primary, secondary, and acquired subtypes leading to optic neuropathy and visual field changes. To investigate the incidence and clinical features of paediatric glaucoma in a tertiary eye centre in Uttar Pradesh. Subjects and Methods: In this prospective and descriptive study, a total of 133 children aged 0 to 16 years who came to the clinic because of a diagnosis of glaucoma or suspicion of glaucoma were included. A detailed history of prenatal period, birth history including birth weight, birth trauma, delayed crying at birth, or hospitalisation for more than 48 hours was obtained. The comprehensive eye examination included visual acuity assessment, gonioscopy, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and assessment of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Results: The majority of secondary glaucomas were those associated with traumatic glaucoma (56.52%), then those associated with acquired conditions like trauma and steroid-induced glaucoma (19.57%), ANRIDIA was 10.87%, Peters anomaly and Silicon oil induce glaucoma was 4.35%, angle recession and lens induce glaucoma was 2.17%, and finally those associated with acquired conditions like lens and angle recession induce glaucoma. The primary glaucoma, which made up 42.86% of all cases of juvenile glaucoma, was the most prevalent kind. The kids with glaucoma ranged in age from 0 to 16 years old. Conclusion: In this study, primary glaucoma, which accounted for 42.86% of all juvenile glaucoma cases, and secondary glaucomas were traumatic glaucomas (56.52%). Males were more commonly affected (73.24%), with a male-to-female ratio of 2.91.

Regular Medical Ethics Education Through Problem Based Learning

Saambhavi — 2023-05-23

The Global Community has been humbled yet again by the tragic emergence of a new disease in the form of Covid-19 leading to the refocusing of spotlight upon areas of Health, Immunity, Hygiene, Diagnosis, Cure, Research on Cause & Cure of Diseases, Investment in these areas by relevant bodies and Importance of Human Life overall. This Global Community without any exception of rich or poor, developed or 3rd World has had to bear the burden of medical helplessness owing to unprecedented demand of resources. ELMCH being a Covid dedicated hospital saw multiple impacts of these seminars & learnings coming out of the discussions. With these seminars ongoing a feedback from the participants were taken regarding the knowledge of the pillars of medical ethics with the help of multiple choice questionnaire and it was seen that 90 % of the participants had the awareness of the concept of ethics. Taking a look at the pandemic through the perspective of verse, music, role plays and skits, medical care workers were able to communicate their encounters of outrage, being over troubled, burn out and despite not being able to withstand each and everyone’s issue, reacted with refkections, sympathy, humankind and compassion.