Analysis of Spot Urine Sodium/Creatinine Ratio and its Correlation with 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease Cohorts and Healthy Subjects

24-hour ambulatory blood pressure

Abstract

Background: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) facilitates better prescription patterns among known hypertensive patients. The present study was a pilot study conducted to determine whether a spot urine sample of sodium/creatinine ratio can accurately reflect blood pressure in chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance dialysis as well as not on dialysis and healthy subjects. Subjects & Methods: 100 patients of both genders were divided into 3 groups. Group 1: healthy subjects, Group 2: chronic kidney disease patients not on dialysis and Group 3: maintenance dialysis patients. Measurement of spot urine sodium was done by Indirect Integrated Multisensor Technology (IMT) by Ion Selective Electrode method and spot urine creatinine by Jaffes kinetic method without deproteinization. Results thus obtained were assessed statistically. Results: There was no statistically significant correlation between spot urine sodium/creatinine ratio (USCR) with 24-hour BP in healthy subjects, chronic kidney disease patients not on dialysis and CKD patients on maintenance dialysis. Conclusion: There is no correlation of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure with early morning urine spot/sodium creatinine ratio in CKD population. Hence, USCR cannot be considered as a valuable tool for determining hypertension in CKD patients.