Ocular Manifestations of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus- A Case Control Study

Abstract

Introduction: To assess ocular manifestations of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

 

Methods: 62 type I diabetes patients of either gender and equal number of healthy controls were taken in the study. Tear film break?up time (BUT), Schirmer test and BUT was performed.

Results: There were 30 males and 32 females in group I and 34 males and 28 females in group II. The mean age in group I was 10.2 years and in group II was 11.1 years. Duration of diabetes was 8.4 years in group I. Schirmer test value in group I was 14.2 and in group II was 21.5. IOP was 16.5 mm Hg in group I and 14.1 mm Hg in group II. Tear break?up time (BUT) was 13.7 seconds in group I and 12.4 seconds in group II. Central corneal thickness was 532.7 m in group I and 560.3 m in group II. Total macular volume (TMV) was 6.52 mm3in group I and 7.02 mm3in group II. Central retinal thickness (CRT) was 158.2 m in group I and 190.4 m in group II. A significant difference was observed (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: Pediatric patients with type I diabetes are at high risk of diabetic retinopathy. Type 1 DM patients exhibited significantly reduced Schirmer test, increased IOP and decreased retinal thickness.