A Study Of Endothelial Dysfunction In Diabetic Patients In Rural India

Abstract

To find out the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and diabetes mellitus using flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of brachial artery as a surrogate marker.FMD of brachial artery was measured in 100 diabetic patients and compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. The study was done at Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital situated in the eastern part of rural India in the state of West Bengal. This teaching institute has the catchment area of about 5 districts including parts of Bihar and Jharkhand states. Data analysis was done with simple linear regression analysis by SPSS 20th version for Windows.FMD of brachial artery was statistically significantly lower (p value < 0.05) in diabetic patients (5.19 1.04) as compared to the control group (10.59 0.97). ? The mean FMD of brachial artery is 5.900.58 and 4.130.59 in non-smoker and smoker respectively, 6.160.50 and 4.490.73 in non-hypertensive and hypertensive respectively, 6.160.50 and 4.490.73 in non-dyslipidaemic and dyslipidaemic respectively and all are statistically significant (p value <0.05). The mean FMD of brachial artery is 6.450.38; 5.180.48 and 3.720.44 in patients having BMI of <25, 25-30 and>30 respectively.Thus it is clearly evident that FMD is also impaired by other factors like BMI of the patients, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia in addition to diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients had increased endothelial dysfunction as evident. It is also evident that other co-morbidities like smoking, increased BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia are also causes endothelial dysfunction as evident by Flow Mediated Dilatation of Brachial Artery.